Key to English Basics, 1 Rok, Angielski

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KEY TO THE EXERCISES
Unit 1
Ex. 1.
a) buttons, propellers, bulbs, ships, bolts, breakdowns, blades, strokes,
failures, boilers, bores, holes, valves, turbines, engines.
b) glasses, passes, bosses, crosses, windlasses, hatches, meshes, wrenches,
scratches, winches, pitches, clutches, sketches, brushes, gases.
c) pulleys, alloys, bodies, batteries, ferries, casualties, jetties, deliveries,
surveys, remedies, galleries, galleys, butterflies, injuries, entries.
d) halves, knives, shelves, leaves, firemen, feet, teeth, donkeymen, crewmen,
radii, axes, bases, phenomena, strata, thieves.
Ex. 2.
1. Pistons are in the cylinders. 2. Fuses are on the switchboards.
3. Motormen are in the control rooms. 4. Bosuns are in the storerooms.
5. Wrenches are on the shelves. 6. Gauges are on the machines. 7. Jetties are
in the harbours. 8. Galleys are next to the messrooms. 9. Gears are in the
engines. 10. Teeth are in the gears. 11. Data are in the computers. 12. Knives
are in the toolboxes. 13. Boats are at the berths. 14. Windlasses are on the
bows. 15. Pumpmen are in the pumprooms.
Ex. 3.
1. Entries are in the log books. 2. Sterns are aft parts of the ships.
3. Seamen are on the ships. 4. Lorries are on the decks. 5. Screwdrivers are in
the tool bags. 6. Officers are on the bridges. 7. Electricians are on watches.
8. Bilges are in the bottoms. 9. Lifejackets are in the cabins. 10. Lifeboats are on
the boat decks. 11. Sketches are in the manuals. 12. Hammers are on the
workbenches. 13. Screws are in the boxes. 14. Chiefs are in the offices.
15. Reports are on the desks.
Ex. 4.
1. Hammers are fitting tools. 2. Rulers are measuring tools. 3. Ferries
are vessels. 4. Engines are machines. 5. Breakdowns are mechanical failures.
6. Rivets are metal pins. 7. Jacks are lifting devices. 8. Marine engineers are
seamen. 10. Nipples are joints. 11. Gears are mechanisms. 12. Collisions are
incidents. 13. Bottles are containers. 14. Barrels are cargoes. 15. Cadets are
apprentices.
Ex. 5.
1. Seamen are on the ship. 2. Engineers are in the engine room.
3. Cargoes are in the holds. 4. The engines are on standby. 5. Tanks are tight.
6. Sparking plugs are dirty. 7. The filters are clean. 8. Vessels are at the berths.
9. Physical phenomena are interesting. 10. The data in this manual are very
difficult. 11. The damage is very serious. 12. Watchkeepers are at the stations.
13. Agents are in the offices. 14. Helmsmen are at helms. 15. Life buoys are red
and white.
Ex. 6.
1. The fire hoses are operational. 2. The devices are damaged. 3. The
life rafts are new. 4. Tugs are very strong. 5. Cranes are on the berth. 6. Drills
are necessary. 7. The firemen are at the stations. 8. Cargoes are on the lorries.
9. The ships are underway. 10. Fuels are in tanks. 11. Skylights are in engine
rooms. 12. Engineers have watches. 13. Extinguishers have test certificates.
14. Engines have cylinders. 15. Vessels have funnels.
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Ex. 7.
1. breakdowns. 2. hulls. 3. duties. 4. scratches. 5. watches. 6. repairs.
7. cargoes. 8. customs officers. 9. axes. 10. teeth. 11. phenomena. 12. infor-
mation. 13. money. 14. advice. 15. data.
Unit 2
Ex. 1.
1. The tug’s engine. 2. The engineers’ tools. 3. The chief’s manuals.
4. The seamen’s lifejackets. 5. The vessels’ hulls. 6. The welder’s face shield.
7. The electrician’s screwdriver. 8. The shipowner’s representatives. 9. The
motormen’s overalls. 10. The cadets’ uniforms. 11. The watch engineer’s duties.
12. The storekeeper’s locker. 13. The oiler’s grease gun. 14. The firemen’s
breathing apparatus. 15. The wiper’s rags.
Ex. 2.
1. The ship’s structure. 2. The captain’s decision. 3. The officers’
messroom. 4. The fitter’s grinder. 5. The maker’s servicemen. 6. The engine
ratings’ helmets. 7. The pilot’s cabin. 8. The vessel’s machinery. 9. The chief
engineer’s orders. 10. The greaser’s oil can. 11. The surveyor’s report. 12. The
mariners’ immersion suits. 13. The seaman’s discharge book. 14. The motor-
man’s wrench. 15. The apprentices’ berths.
Ex. 3.
1. The grinders’ protective goggles. 2. The foreman’s bag. 3. The chief
steward’s contract. 4. The repairmen’s qualifications. 5. The carpenter’s gloves.
6. The air conditioning engineer’s nationality. 7. The turners’ ear muffs. 8. The
donkeymen’s protective clothing. 9. The bosun’s store. 10. The seafarer’s
certificate. 11. The crew’s custom declaration. 12. The tanker’s propellers.
13. The pumpman’s health certificate. 14. The vessel’s stern. 15. The fitters’
spanners.
Ex. 4.
1. The devices of the engine control room. 2. The seaman’s uniform.
3. The captain’s bridge. 4. The temperature of the cylinder. 5. The top platform
of the engine room. 6. The eye of the connecting rod. 7. The inspection tag
of the extinguisher. 8. A three kilometers’ distance. 9. The welder’s face shield.
10. The revolutions of the engine. 11. Three million pounds’ worth. 12. The
cylinders of the main engine. 13.The handles of the tools. 14. The colour of the
hull. 15. Today’s standing orders.
Ex. 5.
1. Yesterday’s survey. 2. The diver’s equipment. 3. A week’s running
repair. 4. A thirty days’ voyage. 5. A ten minutes’ break. 6. The agent’s office.
7. The chief engineer’s accident report. 8. The air vent of the tank. 9. The four
strokes of the engine. 10. The temperature of the ignition. 11. Tomorrow’s
technology. 12. The surveyor’s documents. 13. The motormen’s spanners.
14. The producer’s recommendations. 15. The storekeeper’s spares and stores.
Ex. 6.
1. The walls of the engine room. 2. The teeth of the gear. 3. The speed
of the engine. 4. The ship’s speed. 5. The vessel’s name. 6. The ratings’
protective clothing. 7. The railing of the deck. 8. The nozzles of the fire hoses.
9. The fireman’s outfit. 10. The pumpmen’s immersion suits. 11. The cadet’s life
jacket. 12. The seafarers’ uniforms. 13. The shipowners’ offices. 14. The ship’s
funnel. 15. The colour of the funnel.
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Ex. 7.
1. The ship’s captain. 2. The 3rd engineer’s name. 3. The motormen’s
duties. 4. The chief’s passport. 5. The cadets’ nationality. 6. The agent’s office.
7. The ships’ crews. 8. A ten meters’ depth. 9. The carpenter’s hammer. 10. The
agent’s remarks. 11. The engineers’ skills. 12. The ships’ bows. 13. The sea-
men’s help. 14. A month’s leave. 15. The motorman’s helmet.
Ex. 8.
1. The engineers’ work. 2. The cadets’ immersion suits. 3. A two days’
rest. 4. The shipowners’ problems. 5. The helmsman’s experience. 6. The
ratings’ life jackets. 7. The refrigeration engineer’s documents. 8. A day’s delay.
9. The chief steward’s troubles. 10. The purser’s cabin. 11. The seamen’s visas.
12. The surveyor’s report. 13. The officers’ messroom. 14. The watchman’s
notes. 15. A year’s salary.
Ex. 9.
1. Three meters’ length. 2. The students’ uniforms. 3. A four hours’
break. 4. The apprentice’s seaman’s book. 5. The chief cook’s duties. 6. The
navigators’ charts. 7. The dayman’s daily wage. 8. The chief engineer’s order.
9. The shipyard workers’ negligence. 10. The motormen’s tools. 11. The doctor’s
advice. 12. A month’s voyage. 13. The firemen’s outfit. 14. The electrician’s
screwdriver. 15. A two weeks’ repair.
Unit 3
Ex. 1.
1. a, the. 2. an, the, the. 3. x, the. 4. The, x, a, the. 5. The, x. 6. the. 7. x,
x, the, x. 8. The, the. 9. x, x. 10. A, a. 11. The, x. 12. The, x. 13.x, a. 14. x, the, x.
15. The, the, the, the, the.
Ex. 2.
1. a, the. 2. x, x. 3. The, x ,x, x. 4. x, x, x. 5. The, the. 6. The, the. 7. x,
The. 8. x, a, a. 9. The, a. 10. x, a, x, an. 11. x, x. 12. The, the. 13. The, a.
14. The, the. 15. The.
Ex. 3.
1. a. 2. The. 3. a, x. 4. The, a, the, x. 5. An, a, x. 6. The, the, x. 7. x, the.
8. the. 9. the. 10. x, a, x. 11. x, x, x. 12. An, a. 13. The, a. 14. a, The, the. 15. x,
x.
Ex. 4.
1. I am a student and my brother is a seaman. 2. Warsaw is the capital
of Poland and Moscow is the capital of Russia. 3. English and mathematics are
my favourite subjects. 4. A fire party has extinguishers. 5. The lifeboats on our
vessel are white. 6. A marine engine uses heavy fuel oil. 7. Sweden is to the
north of Poland. 8. The m/v “ Gull” is in the ship repair yard of Szczecin. 9. The
Himalayas are in Asia and the Carpathians are in Europe. 10. Ferries have
thrusters. 11. “Look! The superstructure of this vessel is very high.” 12. Pliers
have handles and jaws. 13. We have a minor breakdown in the engine room.
14. Sea water and air are coolants. 15. A cadet is an apprentice.
Ex. 5.
1. A hacksaw has a blade and a frame. 2. The blade of my saw is
broken. 3. The Amazon is in South America and The Mississippi is in North
America. 4. A cylinder has a liner; the liner is made of alloy cast iron. 5. Do you
have a helmet and protective shoes. 6. The s/y “Fryderyk Chopin” is on the
Indian Ocean now. 7. Sailing is my hobby. 8. A ship’s deck is made of steel
plates. 9. Marine engineers and navigators work on ships. 10. We have
a swimming pool on our vessel. 11. The swimming pool is at the stern. 12. The
boiler on our ship is an exhaust gas boiler. 13. I have a message from the
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shipowner.14. What is the name of your company? 15. It is not a compressor, it
is a generator.
Unit 4
Ex. 1.
These tools, those rescue boats, these firemen, those countries, these
harbours, those apprentices, these appliances, those watchmen, these feet,
those gaskets, these washers, those nails, these hulls, those bollards, these
anchors.
Ex. 2.
This manual, that life buoy, this funnel, that lifeboat, this drill, that hoist,
this engine, that tank, this life raft, that boiler, this extinguisher, that motorman,
this wiper, that generator, this railing.
Ex. 3.
1. These tools are of tool steel. 2. Those valves are open. 3. That
seaman is Polish. 4. This fuel is very contaminated. 5. Those life jackets are
orange. 6. This engine is operational. 7. That pump is a piston pump. 8. Those
pumps are the main engine pumps. 9. These valves are non-return valves.
10. Those crew members are engineers. 11. These crew members are
navigators. 12. That motorman is Peter West. 13. These life rafts are in white
containers. 14. This liquid is acid and that one is water. 15. Those vessels are in
the shipyard and these ones in the port.
Unit 5
Ex. 1.
1. One engine; the first engine. 2.The third engineer; three engineers.
3. Five cadets; the fifth cadet. 4. Two valves; the second valve. 5. The tenth
crew member; ten crew members. 6. Twenty two days; The twenty second day.
7. The twelfth month; twelve months. 8. Hundred liters; the hundredth liter.
9. Eleven tons; the eleventh ton. 10. Six bollards; the sixth bollard. 11. The
fourth rope; four ropes. 12. Twenty five vessels; the twenty fifth vessel. 13. Nine
manuals; the ninth manual. 14. Seven spanners; the seventh spanner.
Ex. 2.
1. The second engineer is in the control room. 2. He has three manuals.
3. The fourth manual is in English. 4. The apprentice has five spanners. 5. The
fifth spanner is an adjustable spanner. 6. This shipowner has eleven ships.
7. The eleventh ship is a LNG tanker. 8. We have two welders on the ship.
9. The second welder is on my watch. 10. Five engine crew members are on
shore. 11. The fifth engine crew member is in the agent’s office. 12. It is the
thirty first day of the voyage today. 13. I have thirty one screws. 14. We have
nineteen pumps in the engine room. 15. The nineteenth pump is a gearweel
pump.
Ex. 3.
Liczby zapisujemy i odczytujemy zgodnie z przykładami podanymi
w tabelce.
Unit 6
Ex.1.
Działania zapisujemy i odczytujemy zgodnie z przykładami podanymi
w tabelce.
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Unit 7
Ex. 1. Godziny zapisujemy i odczytujemy zgodnie z przykładami podanymi
w tabelce.
Ex. 2. Daty zapisujemy i odczytujemy zgodnie z przykładami podanymi
w tabelce.
Unit 8
Ex. 1.
1. He. 2. She. 3. They. 4. We. 5. It. 6. It. 7. She. 8. you. 9. It. 10. He.
11. I. 12. You. 13. They. 14. We. 15. He.
Ex. 2.
1. him. 2. her. 3. it. 4. me. 5. them. 6. us. 7. it. 8. them. 9. us. 10. her.
11. it. 12. me. 13. him. 14. it. 15. them.
Ex. 3.
1. my. 2. his. 3. Her. 4. your. 5. its. 6. Our. 7. their. 8. Her. 9. its. 10. My.
11. Our. 12. His. 13. Their. 14. your. 15. Our.
Ex. 4.
1. mine. 2. yours. 3. hers. 4. his. 5. ours. 6. theirs. 7. ours. 8. yours.
9. his. 10. theirs. 11. ours. 12. yours. 13. theirs. 14. mine. 15. his.
Ex. 5.
1. your. 2. mine. 3. Her. 4. Their, ours. 5. Your. 6. my, Mine. 7. our,
theirs. 8. his. 9. their, ours. 10. your, ours. 11. mine. 12. My, theirs. 13. its.
14. its. 15. Her.
Ex. 6.
1. Look at him. He is my chief. 2. Our ship and her appliances are new.
3. Our tanks are empty and theirs – full. 4. Your engine room is big and ours –
small. 5. His captain is English and mine – Polish. 6. Her captain is German.
7. My ship is in the dry dock and theirs – at sea. 8. The surveyor is in my cabin.
9. He is a motorman and he is on my watch. 10. The lifeboat engine is new. It is
operational. 11. The pump is non-operational. It is damaged. 12. These tools are
his. They are very useful. 13. Her engineers are well-qualified. 14. His report is
very detailed. 15. Her bridge is well-equipped.
Ex. 7.
1. My manual is in English and yours – in German. 2. The laundry is
above the engine room. It is big. 3. He is in his storeroom.4. Our storekeeper is
your friend. 5. The cook is in his galley. It is on the second deck. 6. Her holds
are clean. 7. This is my life jacket and that one is yours. 8. The electrician is in
his cabin, he is a very good electrician. 9. I have a can of paint. It is white.
10. We have a lot of fuel. It is of very good quality. 11. This ship is beautiful.
Look at her. 12. Look at them. They are on the deck. 13. This engine is new.
Look at it. 14. Your ratings are on the deck and mine – in the engine room.
15. This anchor is very heavy. It has a strong chain.
Unit 9
Ex. 1.
1. myself. 2. yourself. 3. himself. 4. themselves. 5. herself. 6. himself.
7. himself. 8. yourself. 9. ourselves. 10. myself. 11. myself. 12. himself.
13. ourselves. 14. themselves. 15. myself.
Ex. 2.
1. Pump out the bilge water yourselves. 2. The engineers themselves
remove the shaft for inspection. 3. The surveyor himself doesn’t know how to
repair it. 4. We always take fuel ourselves. 5. The watch engineer himself
reported to the chief. 6. I don’t know myself why this generator doesn’t work.
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