Keith Leybourn - Fifty Key Figures in British Politics, ENGLISH !!!!!

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FIFTY KEY FIGURES IN
TWENTIETH-CENTURY
BRITISH POLITICS
This accessible guidebook provides a complete overview of the lives
and influence of fifty major figures in modern British political history.
Reflecting the changes within British society and politics over the past
century, the entries chart the development of key contemporary issues
such as women's rights, immigration and the emergence of New
Labour. Figures covered include:
¤ Tony Blair
¤ David Lloyd George
¤ Barbara Castle
¤ Emmeline Pankhurst
¤ Winston Churchill
¤ Enoch Powell
¤ John Maynard Keynes
¤ Margaret Thatcher
With cross-referenced entries and helpful suggestions for further
reading, this book is an essential guide for all those with an interest in
understanding the most prominent issues of modern British politics.
Keith Laybourn is Professor of History at the University of
Huddersfield.
ROUTLEDGE KEY GUIDES
FIFTY KEY FIGURES
IN TWENTIETH-
CENTURY BRITISH
POLITICS
Roulledge Key Guides are accessible, informative and lucid handbooks, which define and
discuss the central concepts, thinkers and debates along a broad range of academic disciplines.
All are written by noted experts in their respective subjects. Clear, concise exposition of
complex and stimulating issues and ideas make Rautledgf Key Guides the ultimate reference
resource for students, teachers, researchers and the interested lay person.
Fifty Key Classical Authors
Alison Sharrock and Rhiannon Ash
Fifty Key Contemporary Tliinkers
John Lechte
Fifty Key Figures in Twentieth-Century British Politics
Keith Laybourn
Fifty Keyjetvish Thinkers
Dan Cohn-Sherbok
Fifty Key Thinkers on the Environment
Edited by Joy Palmer with David E. Cooper
and Peter Blaze Corcoran
Fifty Key Thinkers on History
Mamie Hughes-Warrington
Fifty Key Tliinkers in International Relations
Martin Griffiths
Fifty Major Economists
Steven Pressman
Fifty Major Philosophers
Diane Collinson
Fifty Major Thinkers on Education
Joy Palmer
Fifty Modern Tliinkers on Education
Joy
Palmer
Key Concept! in Communication and Cultural Studies
(second edition}
Tim O'Sullivan.John Hartley, Danny Sounders,
Martin Montgomery and John Fiske
Key Concepts in Eastern Philosophy
Oliver Leaman
Key Concepts in Language and Ungiustia
R,
L. Trask
Key Concepts in the Philosophy of Education
John Gingell and Christopher Winch
Ancient History: Key Themes and Approaches
Neville
Morley
Business: The Key Concepts
Mark Vernon
Cinema Studies: The Key Concepts (second edition)
Susan Hayward
Cultural Theory: The Key Cotttspts
Edited by Andrew Edgar and Peter Sedgwick
Cultural Theory: The Key Thinkers
Andrew Edgar
and Peter Sedgwick
Eastern Philosophy: Key Reading!.
Oliver Lea man
International Relations: The Key Concepts
Martin
Griffiths and Terry O'Callaghan
Popular Music: The Key Concepts
Roy Shuker
Post-Celettial Studies: The Key Concepts
Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin
Social and Cultural Anthropology: The Key Concepts
Nigel Rapport and Joanna Overing
Sport and Physical Education: Tiir Key Concepts
Timothy Chandler, Mike Cronin and Wray
Vamplew
Sport Psychology: The Key Concepts
Ellis Cashmore
Television Studies: The Key Concepts
Neil Casey, Bernadette Casey, Justin Lewis,
Ben Calvert and Liam French
Fifty Contemporary Choreographers
Edited by Martha
Bremser
Fifty Contemporary Filmmakers
Edited by Yvonne
Tasker
Fifty Eastern Tliinkers
Diane Collinson, Kathryn Plant and
Robert Wilkinson
Keith Laybourn
London and New York
ALPHABETICAL LIST
OF CONTENTS
First published 2002
by Routledge 11 New
Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge 29 West 35th
Street, New York, NY 10001
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & frauds Group
¨ 2002 Keith Laybourn
Typeset in Bembo by Taylor & Francis Books Ltd Printed and
bound in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter
invented, including photocopying arid recording, or in any
information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers,
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue
record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Daia
A
catalog record for this book has been requested
Herbert Henry Asquith
Nancy Astor
Clement Attlee
Stanley Baldwin
Arthur James Balfour
Lord Beaverbrook
Aneurin Bevan
William Beveridge
Ernest Bevin
Tony Blair
Richard Austen Butler
James Callaghan
Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Edward Carson
Barbara Castle
Joseph Chamberlain
Neville Chamberlain
Sir Winston Churchill
Walter Citrine
Sir Stafford Cripps
Anthony Crosland
Hugh Dalton
Sir Anthony Eden
Michael Foot
Hugh Gaitskell
Edward Grey
Keir Hardie
Edward Heath
Arthur Henderson
Sir Samuel Hoare
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122
126
130
ISBN 0-415-22676-7 (hbk)
ISBN 0-415-22677-5 (pbk)
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONTENTS
Sir Alec Douglas Home Sir
Keith Joseph John Maynard
Keynes Neil Kinnock
George Lansbury Andrew
Bonar Law David Lloyd
George James Ramsay
MacDonald Harold
Macmillan John Major
Herbert Morrison Oswald
Mosley Emmeline
Pankhurst Harry Pollitt
Enoch Powell Sir Herbert
Samuel Sir John Simon
Margaret Thatcher Ellen
Wilkinson Harold Wilson
133
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144
154
158
162
169
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PREFACE
This book contains relatively brief essays (from 800 to 3,000 words) on
fifty of the political figures of the twentieth century whom I consider
have made a significant political impact, for good or ill. Undoubtedly,
other historians would have produced a different list Ï and would
possibly have included the likes of Tony Benn and Shirley Williams -
which may, from their point of view, have been as justified as final list
that I have produced. Indeed, my original listing of more than 70
politicians included both Benn and Williams. Yet the listing of any
historian would certainly have differed on the more marginal figures.
What is certain is that all lists would have included at least half of those
examined: for example, Clement Attlee, Winston Churchill and David
Lloyd George.
All the biographical sketches outline the career and political
importance of the particular figure being examined. They also indicate
the most relevant related biographies to read and list, in a bibliography,
the most useful books on the subject. There are no footnotes but the
sources of precise quotes are bracketed in the main text and often listed
in the bibliography.
Keith Laybourn
vi
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